When you are done reading that blog post you can start reading this white paper 
http://www.vmware.com/pdf/Perf_Best_Practices_vSphere5.0.pdf
Summary of both: Start with as little as possible and grow your way up. Usually physical workloads are horribly over-allocated with hardware power. In general start with 1 vCPU except if you know that your workload will definitely benefit from more than 1 CPU core (most don't). The scheduler will thank you for it.
Same goes for RAM, you will be surprised how few RAM is really used by a workload. Monitor it regularly, and add some % for spikes but don't have your VMs sitting with 4GB of RAM when only 10% are used by the VM.
Consolidation Ratio depends highly on the workload it might be 1:3 or 1:4 or even up to 1:10 or 1:20 per pCPU in a VDI environment. Completely depending on your host hardware and what you intend to do with it.