Assuming you've already actually installed the kernel headers for the running kernel...
Cancel the current operation and then in a Terminal copy and paste the following command and then press Enter. Type in your password and press Enter.
sudo ln -s /usr/src/kernels/$(uname -r)/include/generated/uapi/linux/version.h /usr/src/kernels/$(uname -r)/include/linux/
Now try running VMware Workstation.
BTW Have you installed the kernel headers? If not then do so and then run the above command in a Terminal before starting VMware Workstation.